It is a fern of the Polypodiaceae family and efficiently used for treating various skin diseases like psoriasis and contains various polyphenols which have antioxidant and photo-protecting role ( 9 ). Psoriatic lesions contain a high amount of the inflammatory mediators leukotriene B4 (LTB4) which is efficiently inhibited by polyunsaturated fatty acids like linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids found in polypodium Decumanum. Crude methanolic extracts of Polypodium Decumanum exhibited better antipsoriatic activity. The stock solution of LTB4 Ionophore was prepared in ethanol and added in methanolic extracts of Polypodium Decumanum as a test and in sulfasalazine as the positive control. Human leukocytes were collected after centrifugation with 2% dextran T-500 and 0.9% Nacl for 30 min at 4°c and erythrocytes were lysed by using ca and mg free buffer. LTB4 and extract of calaguala were incubated at 37°c and LTB4 than purified and analyzed by using HPLC to detect inhibition of LTB4. Results showed that LTB4 was inhibited by free unsaturated fatty acids in the extract of Polypodium Decumanum at a concentration of 130 ųg/ml ( 10 ).

Extensively used plant Wrightia tinctoria from family Apocynaceae is the lesser-known plant in Indian literature of medicine system ( 11 ). But it has moderate analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity at 1000 mg/kg dose ( 12 ). The herbal extract of Wrightia tinctoria was prepared and quality control parameters were also analyzed by HPLC. After extraction and standardization, 12g of seed powder was induced in patients diagnosed with psoriasis. Standardized extract of Wrightia tinctoria significantly reduced parameters of psoriasis such as scaling, itching, and psoriasis area by inducing emesis ( 13 ).

Senna Tora from family Fabaceae have been extensively investigated due to anthraquinone and naphthopyrone components of this plant ( 14 ). Senna Tora is effective in psoriasis and also possess anti-microbial activity in the form of an aqueous paste of seeds ( 15 ). Powdered extract of cassia tora leaves was prepared in ethanol by the Soxhlet apparatus and concentrated in a rotary evaporator. Flavanoids were eluted by using TLC and UV. Three compounds luteolin- 7-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide and ormononetin-7-O-glucoside were analyzed through UV. Compounds 1, 2, 3 showed remarkable thickness in epidermal by influencing hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Crude extract of Cassia tora and its flavonoids have the potential to be used as antipsoriatic agents ( 16 ).

Givotia rottleri-formis belongs to the Euphor biaceae family is a plant that is rich in phenolic compounds like gallic acid and methyl gallate. Both compounds inhibit COX1 and COX2 enzymes efficiently through anti-proliferative effects ( 17 ). Extract of powdered barks of Givotia rottleriformis in ethanol was prepared which was screened by UV and HPLC. It is then introduced into rats in which psoriasis was induced. After two weeks of extract administration, the histological examination of rats was carried out. Results showed that the ethanolic extract of Givotia rottleriformis Griff exerts anti-psoriatic activity by inhibiting the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes ( 18 ).

Psoriasis significantly affects health-related quality of life which may lead to long-term health impairments like cardiovascular diseases, renal impairment and even psychiatric complications. Treatment of psoriasis is long term and not completely cures the disease instead it helps in relieving symptoms of the disease. One of the important factors that should be properly addressed is adherence to treatment. Plants have been used in treatments for centuries so there should be more need to develop more plants with anti-psoriatic activity with lesser side effects. Herbal and crude extracts of plants significantly relieve symptoms of psoriasis which provides evidence in future psoriasis that will be completely curable with minimum side effects and improved impact on health-related quality of life.