# Epilepsy Seizures in Hyponatremic COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Single-Center Analysis

## Authors

- Ali Saglik ([ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-0303)) — Emergency Medicine, İstanbul İstinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye

## Article information

- **Journal:** The Ulutas Medical Journal (Ulutas Med J), ISSN 2149-388X
- **Issue:** Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025), pages 15–21
- **Article type:** Original Article
- **Published online:** 2025-03-13
- **DOI:** [10.5455/umj.20250310080640](https://doi.org/10.5455/umj.20250310080640)
- **Licence:** [CC BY-NC 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
- **Article page:** https://www.ulutasmedicaljournal.com/?mno=246748
- **PDF:** https://www.ulutasmedicaljournal.com/pdf/246748.pdf

## Abstract

Background: The pandemic of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 has revealed new complexities in the management of neurological complications, including epilepsy seizures. The study investigates the association between hyponatremia and the exacerbation of seizures in COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2-positive patients. Methods: This retrospective observational research analyzed 206 hyponatremic COVID-19 epilepsy patients, with (n:46) and without seizures (n:160). It assessed clinical and laboratory parameters, including sodium levels, and utilized statistical tools like ROC analysis and logistic regression to explore the role of hyponatremia in seizure occurrence. Results: Our analysis showed a correlation between active COVID-19 infection and seizures (P=0.001). Sodium, potassium, chloride, neutrophils, and white blood cells differed between groups (p=0.005, 0.046, 0.002, 0.028, and 0.053, respectively). Sodium levels behaved as a predictor of seizure occurrence, with its lower levels associated with a higher likelihood of seizures in hyponatremia. ROC analysis showed a moderate discrimination capability (AUC: 0.319; p=0.002), with a sodium level below 130.2 mmol/L being a critical cutoff for increased seizure risk, at sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 74.3%. In logistic regression, the Exponential value of 0.878 suggested that for each unit increase in sodium levels, the likelihood of having a seizure decreases by 12.2% (p

## Keywords

COVID-19; Epilepsy; Seizures; Hyponatremia; Neurological Complications

## How to cite

Saglik A. Epilepsy Seizures in Hyponatremic COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Single-Center Analysis. Ulutas Med J. 2025;11(1):15-21. doi:10.5455/umj.20250310080640

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